As with all research, there are limitations to the study that must be considered. The sample size was relatively small, which is common in studies that last for decades. A larger sample might have ...

A landmark U.S. study published on April 13, 2025 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found no connection between fluoride in drinking water and IQ scores or cognitive ability at ...

(CNN) — A rigorous nine-year research review looking at the relationship between fluoride and intelligence in children concludes that as fluoride levels rise, IQ drops. Every 1 part per million ...

In their first study, which included nearly 21,000 children from 59 studies, they found significant differences in IQ between children with the highest and lowest fluoride exposures. Children exposed ...