The lens will degrade the contrast ratio of the stimulus to some degree, and the image modulation will therefore be a lower number than that of the stimulus. The modulation transfer function is the ...

Engineers at MIT have developed a modular computer chip with components that can communicate using flashes of light. This could allow for electronics that can easily be upgraded with new sensors ...

New functions from repressor circuits. Several recent experiments have underscored the power of manipulating network topology within a cell to create new function.