The whole is equal to the sum of its constituent parts. That's how everything works, from galaxies to planets to cities to molecules to atoms. If you take all the components of any system and look at ...
The constant — the ratio of the mass of a proton to the mass of an electron — has changed by only one hundred thousandth of a percent or less over the past 7 billion years, the observations show. The ...
The most precise measurements of the atomic masses of the proton and the electron make use of Penning traps, and for the latter, a hydrogen-like ion, as Edmund Myers explains. Improvements in Penning ...
A proton’s valence quarks (blue, red, and green), quark-antiquark pairs, and gluons (springs). Scalar gluon activity (pink) extends beyond the electric charge radius (orange) that surrounds the ...
The constant — the ratio of the mass of a proton to the mass of an electron — has changed by only one hundred thousandth of a percent or less over the past 7 billion years, the observations show. The ...
Are the fundamental constants really constant? Recent investigations have shown that one essential fundamental constant -- namely the mass ratio of protons to electrons -- can have changed only by a ...
While quantum physics and general relativity don't always play well together, they agree on important points, including that of the spectra of atoms. To wit: the spectrum of hydrogen shouldn't depend ...
The constant — the ratio of the mass of a proton to the mass of an electron — has changed by only one hundred thousandth of a percent or less over the past 7 billion years, the observations show. The ...
Some results have been hidden because they may be inaccessible to you
Show inaccessible results
Feedback