Summer in the Middle Ages brought intense hardship. Cities filled with waste, attracting insects and spreading disease. Clean ...

Medieval cities were crowded, loud, and dangerous. Waste filled streets and waterways. Disease spread rapidly due to poor ...

In the past British people believed hedgehogs could cause harm and damage livestock, and even that witches could transform ...

The warming house at Rievaulx is next to the refectory, and was altered quite substantially over the period from the 12th to ...